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trustworthy
Today, President Biden is issuing a landmark
Executive Order to ensure that America leads
the way in seizing the promise and managing
the risks of artificial intelligence (AI). The
Executive Order establishes new standards for
AI safety and security, protects Americans’
privacy, advances equity and civil rights,
stands up for consumers and workers, promotes
innovation and competition, advances
American leadership around the world, and
more.
As part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s
comprehensive strategy for responsible
innovation, the Executive Order builds on
previous actions the President has taken,
including work that led to voluntary
commitments from 15 leading companies to
drive safe, secure, and trustworthy
development of AI.
The Executive Order directs the following
actions:
New Standards for AI Safety and Security
As AI’s capabilities grow, so do its
implications for Americans’ safety and
security. With this Executive Order,
the President directs the most
sweeping actions ever taken to protect
Americans from the
potential risks of AI systems:
• Require that developers of the most
powerful AI systems share their safety
test results and other critical information
with the U.S. government. In accordance
with the Defense Production Act, the
Order will require that companies
developing any foundation model that
poses a serious risk to national security,
national economic security, or national
public health and safety must notify the
federal government when training the
model, and must share the results of all
red-team safety tests. These measures
will ensure AI systems are safe, secure,
and trustworthy before companies make
them public.
• Develop standards, tools, and tests to
help ensure that AI systems are safe,
secure, and trustworthy. The National
Institute of Standards and Technology
will set the rigorous standards for
extensive red-team testing to ensure
safety before public release.
• The Department of Homeland Security
will apply those standards to critical
infrastructure sectors and establish the AI
Safety and Security Board. The
Departments of Energy and Homeland
Security will also address AI systems’
threats to critical infrastructure, as well as
chemical, biological, radiological,
nuclear, and cybersecurity risks.
Together, these are the most significant
actions ever taken by any government to
advance the field of AI safety.
• Protect against the risks of using AI to
engineer dangerous biological
materials by developing strong new
standards for biological synthesis
screening. Agencies that fund life-science
projects will establish these standards as
a condition of federal funding, creating
powerful incentives to ensure appropriate
screening and manage risks potentially
made worse by AI.
• Protect Americans from AI-enabled fraud
and deception by establishing standards
and best practices for detecting AIgenerated content and authenticating
official content. The Department of
Commerce will develop guidance for
content authentication and watermarking
to clearly label AI-generated content.
Federal agencies will use these tools to
make it easy for Americans to know that
the communications they receive from
their government are authentic—and set
an example for the private sector and
governments around the world.
• Establish an advanced cybersecurity
program to develop AI tools to find and
fix vulnerabilities in critical
software, building on the Biden-Harris
Administration’s ongoing AI Cyber
Challenge. Together, these efforts will
harness AI’s potentially game-changing
cyber capabilities to make software and
networks more secure.
• Order the development of a National
Security Memorandum that directs
further actions on AI and security, to be
developed by the National Security
Council and White House Chief of Staff.
This document will ensure that the
United States military and intelligence
community use AI safely, ethically, and
effectively in their missions, and will
direct actions to counter adversaries’
military use of AI.
Protecting Americans’ Privacy
Without safeguards, AI can put Americans’
privacy further at risk. AI not only makes it
easier to extract, identify, and exploit personal
data, but it also heightens incentives to do so
because companies use data to train AI
systems. To better protect Americans’ privacy,
including from the risks posed by AI, the
President calls on Congress to pass bipartisan
data privacy legislation to protect all
Americans, especially kids, and directs the
following actions:
• Protect Americans’ privacy by
prioritizing federal support for
accelerating the development and use of
privacy-preserving techniques—
including ones that use cutting-edge AI
and that let AI systems be trained while
preserving the privacy of the training
data.
• Strengthen privacy-preserving
research and technologies, such as
cryptographic tools that preserve
individuals’ privacy, by funding a
Research Coordination Network to
advance rapid breakthroughs and
development.
• The National Science Foundation will
also work with this network to promote
the adoption of leading-edge privacypreserving technologies by federal
agencies.
Evaluate how agencies collect and use
commercially available information—
including information they procure from
data brokers—and strengthen privacy
guidance for federal agencies to account
for AI risks. This work will focus in
particular on commercially available
information containing personally
identifiable data.
• Develop guidelines for federal agencies
to evaluate the effectiveness of privacypreserving techniques, including those
used in AI systems. These guidelines will
advance agency efforts to protect
Americans’ data.
•
Advancing Equity and Civil Rights
Irresponsible uses of AI can lead to and deepen
discrimination, bias, and other abuses in
justice, healthcare, and housing. The BidenHarris Administration has already taken action
by publishing the Blueprint for an AI Bill of
Rights and issuing an Executive Order
directing agencies to combat algorithmic
discrimination, while enforcing existing
authorities to protect people’s rights and
safety. To ensure that AI advances equity and
civil rights, the President directs the following
additional actions:
• Provide clear guidance to landlords,
Federal benefits programs, and federal
contractors to keep AI algorithms from
being used to exacerbate discrimination.
Address algorithmic
discrimination through training, technical
assistance, and coordination between the
Department of Justice and Federal civil
rights offices on best practices for
investigating and prosecuting civil rights
violations related to AI.
• Ensure fairness throughout the criminal
justice system by developing best
practices on the use of AI in sentencing,
parole and probation, pretrial release and
detention, risk assessments, surveillance,
crime forecasting and predictive policing,
and forensic analysis.
Standing Up for Consumers, Patients, and
Students
AI can bring real benefits to consumers—for
example, by making products better, cheaper,
and more widely available. But AI also raises
the risk of injuring, misleading, or otherwise
harming Americans. To protect consumers
while ensuring that AI can make Americans
better off, the President directs the following
actions:
• Advance the responsible use of AI in
healthcare and the development of
affordable and life-saving drugs. The
Department of Health and Human
Services will also establish a safety.
program to receive reports of—and act to
remedy – harms or unsafe healthcare
practices involving AI.
• Shape AI’s potential to transform
education by creating resources to
support educators deploying AI-enabled
educational tools, such as personalized
tutoring in schools.
Supporting Workers
AI is changing America’s jobs and workplaces,
offering both the promise of improved
productivity but also the dangers of increased
workplace surveillance, bias, and job
displacement. To mitigate these risks, support
workers’ ability to bargain collectively, and
invest in workforce training and development
that is accessible to all, the President directs the
following actions:
• Develop principles and best practices to
mitigate the harms and maximize the
benefits of AI for workers by addressing
job displacement; labor standards;
workplace equity, health, and safety; and
data collection. These principles and best
practices will benefit workers by
providing guidance to prevent employers
from undercompensating workers,
evaluating job applications unfairly, or
impinging on workers’ ability to
organize.
• Produce a report on AI’s potential labormarket impacts, and study and identify
options for strengthening federal support
for workers facing labor disruptions,
including from AI.
Promoting Innovation and Competition
America already leads in AI innovation—more
AI startups raised first-time capital in the
United States last year than in the next seven
countries combined. The Executive Order
ensures that we continue to lead the way in
innovation and competition through the
following actions:
• Catalyze AI research across the United
States through a pilot of the National AI
Research Resource—a tool that will
provide AI researchers and students
access to key AI resources and data—and
expanded grants for AI research in vital
areas like healthcare and climate change.
• Promote a fair, open, and competitive AI
ecosystem by providing small developers
and entrepreneurs access to technical
assistance and resources, helping small
businesses commercialize AI
breakthroughs, and encouraging the
Federal Trade Commission to exercise its
authorities.
• Use existing authorities to expand the
ability of highly skilled immigrants and
nonimmigrants with expertise in critical
areas to study, stay, and work in the
United States by modernizing and
streamlining visa criteria, interviews, and
reviews.
Advancing American Leadership Abroad
AI’s challenges and opportunities are
global. The Biden-Harris Administration will
continue working with other nations to support
safe, secure, and trustworthy deployment and
use of AI worldwide. To that end, the President
directs the following actions:
• Expand bilateral, multilateral, and
multistakeholder engagements to
collaborate on AI. The State Department,
in collaboration, with the Commerce
Department will lead an effort to
establish robust international frameworks
for harnessing AI’s benefits and
managing its risks and ensuring safety. In
addition, this week, Vice President Harris
will speak at the UK Summit on AI
Safety, hosted by Prime Minister Rishi
Sunak.
• Accelerate development and
implementation of vital AI standards with
international partners and in standards
organizations, ensuring that the
technology is safe, secure, trustworthy,
and interoperable.
• Promote the safe, responsible, and rightsaffirming development and deployment
of AI abroad to solve global
challenges, such as advancing sustainable
development and mitigating dangers to
critical infrastructure.
Ensuring Responsible and Effective
Government Use of AI
AI can help government deliver better results
for the American people. It can expand
agencies’ capacity to regulate, govern, and
disburse benefits, and it can cut costs and
enhance the security of government systems.
However, use of AI can pose risks, such as
discrimination and unsafe decisions. To ensure
the responsible government deployment of AI
and modernize federal AI infrastructure, the
President directs the following actions:
• Issue guidance for agencies’ use of
AI, including clear standards to protect
rights and safety, improve AI
procurement, and strengthen AI
deployment.
• Help agencies acquire specified AI
products and services faster, more
cheaply, and more effectively through
more rapid and efficient contracting.
• Accelerate the rapid hiring of AI
professionals as part of a governmentwide AI talent surge led by the Office of
Personnel Management, U.S. Digital
Service, U.S. Digital Corps, and
Presidential Innovation Fellowship.
Agencies will provide AI training for
employees at all levels in relevant fields.
As we advance this agenda at home, the
Administration will work with allies and
partners abroad on a strong international
framework to govern the development and use
of AI. The Administration has already
consulted widely on AI governance
frameworks over the past several months—
engaging with Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile,
the European Union, France, Germany, India,
Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, the
Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, the
Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, the UAE,
and the UK.
The actions taken today support and
complement Japan’s leadership of the G-7
Hiroshima Process, the UK Summit on AI
Safety, India’s leadership as Chair of the
Global Partnership on AI, and ongoing
discussions at the United Nations.
The actions that President Biden directed today
are vital steps forward in the U.S.’s approach
on safe, secure, and trustworthy AI. More
action will be required, and the Administration
will continue to work with Congress to pursue
bipartisan legislation to help America lead the
way in responsible innovation.
For more on the Biden-Harris Administration’s
work to advance AI, and for opportunities to
join the Federal AI workforce, visit AI.gov.
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